The modernised 9K51 Grad MRS is designed to defeat unsheltered and bunkered manpower, soft-skinned materiel and tanks in concentration areas, artillery and mortar batteries, fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft on landing strips, command posts and other targets, as well as to lay antitank mines. The BM-21 9K51 Grad MRS Few systems in the world’s artillery arsenal can boast such a wide spread as the Grad (Hail) MLRS developed in the USSR in 1963. Created by the Tula association Splav under the supervision of Chief Designer A. Ganichev, the system initially comprised the M-210F HE fragmentation unguided rocket (index number 9M22U), BM-21 launch vehicle and a transport vehicle with 9F37 racks. Unique design approaches used to develop the system allowed for its mass production in line with extremely good effectiveness-cost criterion. A profound technological analysis of the project, including the introduction of several principally new ammunition manufacture technologies, enabled the licensed m...